In CLT, the focus is on communication rather than just the acquisition of grammar rules and vocabulary. Students are encouraged to use the language they are learning in authentic contexts, such as role-plays, discussions, and group work. The teacher’s role is to facilitate communication, provide feedback, and help students to develop their language skills.

CLT is based on the idea that language is best learned through interaction with others and in authentic situations, rather than through memorization and repetition. It is often contrasted with traditional grammar-translation methods, which focus on the explicit teaching of grammar rules and translation of texts.

Some key principles of CLT include:

• Authentic communication: Students are encouraged to use language in real-life situations and to communicate for genuine purposes.
• Being learner-centered: The teacher takes into account the learners’ needs, goals, and interests.
• Focusing on meaning: The focus is on communication and the meaning of the language, rather than just on form.
• Integration of skills: CLT integrates the four language skills – listening, speaking, reading, and writing – and emphasizes the importance of fluency and accuracy in communication.